Efficient Gene Transfection by Electroporation—In Vitro and In Silico Study of Pulse Parameters

Gene electrotransfer (GET) is a widely used method for nucleic acids’ delivery into cells. We explored, evaluated, and demonstrated the potential use of different pulse durations introducing plasmid DNA (pDNA) cells in vitro compared efficiency dynamics transgene expression after GET. performed experiments on cell suspensions 1306 fibroblasts C2C12 myoblasts with four ranges (nanosecond, high frequency bipolar (HF-BP), micro- millisecond). Six concentrations pDNA encoding green fluorescent protein were used. show that GET can be achieved nanosecond pulses low repetition rate (10 Hz). The GET’s depends concentration line. Time are comparable between millisecond, microsecond, HF-BP, but depend greatly Lastly, based data obtained effect model probability membrane contact during was developed. shows migration dominated by diffusion HF-BP electrophoresis millisecond pulses. Modeling results provide valuable guidance further interpretations various protocols.